Useful Links

Explore comprehensive resources about browser fingerprinting, from technical papers to press articles.

General Definitions

Mozilla's Browser Fingerprinting Guide

Developer documentation on fingerprinting protection

Device Fingerprint (Wikipedia)

Wikipedia article explaining device fingerprinting concepts

Press Articles & Presentations

Browser 'fingerprints' help track users

BBC News coverage on browser fingerprinting technology

Publicité - Une nouvelle technique pour pister les internautes

Le Monde's analysis of new tracking techniques

Si on brouillait les pistes avec AmIUnique?

Framasoft blog post about fingerprint obfuscation

Browser Fingerprinting at Open World Forum 2014

Video presentation about browser fingerprinting

Browser Fingerprinting and the Online-Tracking Arms Race

IEEE Spectrum's deep dive into browser fingerprinting

Scientific Papers

Hot or Not - Revealing Hidden Services by Their Clock Skew

J. Murdoch, Steven

Conference on Computer & Communications Security - 2006

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How unique is your web browser?

Peter Eckersley

Conference on Privacy enhancing technologies - 2010

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User Tracking on the Web via Cross-Browser Fingerprinting

Boda, Károly & Máté Foldes, Ádám & Gulyás, Gábor & Imre, Sandor

Nordic Conference on Secure IT Systems - 2011

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Pixel Perfect - Fingerprinting Canvas in HTML5

Keaton Mowery and Hovav Shacham

Web 2.0 Security & Privacy - 2012

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Fast and Reliable Browser Identification with JavaScript Engine Fingerprinting

M. Mulazzani, S. Schrittwieser, P. Reschl, M. Leithner, E. Weippl, M. Huber

Web 2.0 Security & Privacy - 2013

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Cookieless Monster - Exploring the Ecosystem of Web-based Device Fingerprinting

N. Nikiforakis, A. Kapravelos, W. Joosen, C. Kruegel, F. Piessens and G. Vigna

Symposium on Security and Privacy - 2013

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The Web Never Forgets

Acar, Gunes and Eubank, Christian and Englehardt, Steven and Juarez, Marc and Narayanan, Arvind and Diaz, Claudia

Conference on Computer and Communications Security - 2014

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The Leaking Battery - A Privacy Analysis of the HTML5 Battery Status API

Olejnik, Lukasz and Acar, Gunes and Castelluccia, Claude and Diaz, Claudia

Workshop on Data Privacy Management, and Security Assurance - 2015

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Fingerprinting Web Users Through Font Metrics

Fifield, David & Egelman, Serge

Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security - 2015

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Mobile Device Fingerprinting Considered Harmful for Risk-based Authentication

Spooren, Jan & Preuveneers, Davy & Joosen, Wouter

European Workshop on System Security - 2015

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Beauty and the Beast - Diverting modern web browsers to build unique browser fingerprints

P. Laperdrix, W. Rudametkin and B. Baudry

Symposium on Security and Privacy - 2016

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(Cross-)Browser Fingerprinting via OS and Hardware Level Features

Cao, Yinzhi & Li, Song & Wijmans, Erik

Network and Distributed System Security Symposium - 2017

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Discovering Browser Extensions via Web Accessible Resources

Sjosten, Alexander and Van Acker, Steven and Sabelfeld, Andrei

Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy - 2017

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XHOUND - Quantifying the Fingerprintability of Browser Extensions

O. Starov and N. Nikiforakis

Symposium on Security and Privacy - 2017

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FP-STALKER - Tracking Browser Fingerprint Evolutions

Antoine Vastel, Pierre Laperdrix, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy

Symposium on Security and Privacy - 2018

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FP-Scanner - The Privacy Implications of Browser Fingerprint Inconsistencies

Antoine Vastel, Pierre Laperdrix, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy

USENIX Security Symposium - 2018

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Hiding in the Crowd - an Analysis of the Effectiveness of Browser Fingerprinting at Large Scale

Alejandro Gómez-Boix, Pierre Laperdrix, Benoit Baudry

World Wide Web Conference - 2018

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Don't count me out - On the relevance of IP addresses in the tracking ecosystem

Vikas Mishra, Pierre Laperdrix, Antoine Vastel, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy, Martin Lopatka

The Web Conference - 2020

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A Survey of Browser Fingerprint Research and Application

Desheng Zhang, Jianhui Zhang, Youjun Bu, Bo Chen, Chongxin Sun, Tianyu Wang

Online Library - 2022

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Tools & Resources

AmIUnique.org

Interactive tool to test your browser fingerprint and learn about its uniqueness

EFF's Cover Your Tracks

Test your browser's defenses against tracking and fingerprinting

Device Info

Detailed technical breakdown of your browser's fingerprint components

Privacy.net Browser Check

Comprehensive browser fingerprinting test with detailed explanations

FingerprintJS

The most popular open-source fingerprinting library

Brave Browser

Brave's documentation on fingerprinting protection mechanisms

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